Austria Travel: Austria Travel

Travel: Austria Travel Notes -- Austrian Regions Car Hire Cruises Flights Hotels Tours Vacations About Travel Notes™ Destinations Budget Travel Feedback Search Travel Forums Travel Writers Africa Asia Caribbean Europe Middle East North America South America Oceania Austria Travel: Austria Travel Notes -- Austrian Regions A Waltz Around Austria . Round The World Flights - Free TravelNotes e-mail The Michelin Guide To Austria Austria Index AustrianCities Austrian Culture Austrian Hotels Austrian News Austrian Regions Austrian Tourism Austrian Tours Kaffehauskultur (in German) LocalCurrency Convert your currency into euro . Food Travel Fiction Health Kids Bios Humor Mags Software Gifts Tech Business Other Your Ad Here Travel Notes Mailing List Austria Hotel City Search : A Waltz Around Austria There's more to Austria than Vienna and skiing . Austria is divided into nine provinces : Burgenland , Carinthia (Krnten), Lower Austria (Niedersterreich), Salzburg , Styria (Steiermark), Tirol , Upper Austria (Obersterreich), Vienna and Vorarlberg . Burgenland This is the area of eastern Austria, south of the River Danube. It extends down along the border with Hungary towards the Republic of Slovenia . Much of the Neusiedler See lies within Burgenland; popular with bird-watchers and campers. The capital of this mostly rural province is Eisenstadt; connected by motorway with Vienna. The southern region of Burgenland adheres to old values of the land where the pace is slower, prices are cheaper and the wines are splendid. The Pannonian cuisine is a reflection of the region's modest conditions. Burgenland became an Austrian possession in 1491, and remained under Austrian control until 1647, when Holy Roman Emperor Ferdinand III ceded it to Hungary. Hungary had to return Burgenland to Austria after World War I, although the Hungarians secured the return of Sopron in 1922. Carinthia The province lies in southern Austria, bordering Slovenia and Italy . Called Krnten in German, this is one region visitors should make time to explore. The capital of the rolling province is Klagenfurt, with Villach another major town in the region. Wrthersee is the resort lake that lies between them; although much closer to Klagenfurt. The area west of Villach is known as Upper Carinthia, rising to 3,797 m. From here, Grossglockner towers above the rest of the country as Austria's highest peak. The lush mountain valleys and the well tended farmlands in Carinthia provide for rich savoury dishes. The physical energy needed to work the fields was traditionally fuelled by such delights as Ritschert (a casserole made of barley), Ksekrustelsuppe (cheese soup), Erdpfelsterz (fried mashed potatoes), or Frigga (dried bacon, polenta and cheese). Carinthia was a Roman possession, until it became an independent duchy in 976. The Habsburg family took control of the area in the 13th century, and it became an Austrian crown territory the following year hundred. Carinthia lost some of its land to Italy and Yugoslavia after World War I, and the southern part of the province has many Slovenes living there today. Carinthia Mountain Experience : Wherever you look in Carinthia there are mountains, whether it's the magnificent Hohen Tauern, the beautiful Nockberge Mountains or the rugged limestone crags of the Carnic Alps and the Karawankens. Cycling in Carinthia : Cycling in Carinthia can mean anything from a gruelling hill climb up the Grossglockner to a leisurely run round a lake or a scenic trip through the National Park. Klagenfurt : Klagenfurt and Lake Wrthersee lie in the south of the province of Carinthia, close to its borders with Slovenia and Italy. Lower Austria Surrounding Vienna and filling the country's belly with the fruits of the Danube basin, Lower Austria is the country's largest province in more ways than one -- locally known as Niedersterreich. The land below the River Enns is gaining popularity for short breaks out of the capital, and the area has many fine restaurants. St. Polten, Krems, and Wiener Neustadt are the largest centres in the region. St. Plten City Tour : Take the online tour of the provincial capital of Lower Austria by choosing points of interest on the colourful map of St. Plten. Salzburg The Province extends around the Salzach River, with Salzburg its capital. Salzburg was originally a Celtic settlement and later the Roman trading centre of Juvavum. Numerous cathedrals, including one from the 17th-century in the Italian Renaissance style, adorn the city. The Bauernherbst, literally farmer's Autumn, is a great time to pull up a chair in a Salzburg provincial Gasthaus. Between August and October, restaurant owners adjust their menus to incorporate the harvests of local farmers, and offer their guests true regional dishes. Styria Almost wholly within the Alps, Steiermark is Austria's south-eastern province, bordering Slovenia . Numerous lakes and forested mountain slopes make Styria a pleasure on the eye. Graz is the provincial capital, built on a roman settlement. Charlemagne established the region as part of the Frankish Empire, attaching it to the duchy of Carinthia. It became a separate duchy in 1180 and was acquired by the Duke of Austria twelve years later. As a Habsburg possession in 1282, it remained in the royal house until the collapse of Austrian-Hungarian empire during World War I. Tirol The western corridor of Austria, between Salzburg and Vorarlberg, is bounded to the north by Germany and to the south by Italy . When the Arlberg pass is closed during heavy snowfall, all traffic to Voralberg has to pass through the tunnel. Innsbruck , the capital of Tyrol, was home to the 1964 and 1976 Winter Olympics, and is near to many ski areas. Tyrol once extended to Lake Garda, but after World War I Sud Tyrol was ceded to Italy. Many people in the Italian region of Trentino-Alto Adige still cling to their Germanic roots. Tyrolean cuisine descends from the days when fruits and fish from the south met on the tables with meat, game and vegetables from the north. Hiking in Stubaital : Marc Thijs provides descriptions of 18 wonderful summer hiking trips in Tirol, with over 300 pictures and several maps. Although the pictures are submitted on various sub-pages, they are large and a fast internet connection is advisable. Upper Austria The land above the River Enns, Obersterreich, offers its guests traditional country-style helpings of dumplings, roasts and potato dishes. There's something of a homecoming for the traditional plain-cooking of home-made blood and liver sausage, bacon dumplings and stuffed breast of roast veal. These dishes go down well with the beers brewed in Upper Austria. The capital of the federal province of Upper Austria is Linz. Digital City Linz : You'll need to read German to get the best out of the service guide and links section. Brucknerhaus : The Brucknerhaus was opened on March 23, 1974, with a concert by the Vienna Philharmonic, conducted by Herbert von Karajan. Some 200 cultural events are staged, including the Linz Bruckner Festival every September. Vienna See Austrian Cities . Voralberg Austria's westernmost province includes the towns of Bregenz, Dornbirn and Felkirch. Voralberg : Where the mountains meet the lake and three lands come together -- Germany , Austria and Switzerland . Alpenregion Bludenz : The Alpine town of Bludenz lies 588m above sea level. Lech am Arlberg : Chic little ski resort above St. Anton -- with a website to match it. Ski Arlberg : Arlberg has always been famous for its beauty, reliable snow extending right down to the villages and the excellent condition of its slopes. St. Anton : A favourite with those who like to ski as hard as they party. Bregenzerwald : A lovely little region behind Bregenz and Dornbirn. Austrian Cities : The main attractions for visitors to Austria. Austrian Culture : Austria's illustrious history leaves a lot of memories behind. Uncover the delights of former glory. TIScover Austria : Comprehensive information about Austrian regions from Tourism Information Systems. Europe Travel Forum : From Albania to Vatican City, Scandinavia to the Mediterranean, Europe is culturally eclectic and full of lavish history. Join us in the travel forums if you have a question about Europe or would like to share your experiences about travelling or living in Europe. The Internet TravelNotes.org Flight Tickets : Save money on Round The World flight tickets. Travel News : Get the inside scoop with the latest travel features and tips. Past Articles . Schlepping Through The Alps Walking Austria's Alps: Hut to Hut Weather Outlook Car Hire Cruises Flights Hostels Tours Vacations Destinations Budget Travel Feedback Meta-Travel Travel Forums Travel Writers Africa Asia Caribbean Europe Middle East North America South America Oceania Travel Directory : Europe : Austria : Austrian Regions -- Submit to Travel Notes | Advertise on TravelNotes.org | Favourite Destinations | Magun'sCompass | Travel Articles | Writers | | Airlines | Airports | Car Hire | Cruises | Flights | Hotels | Online Reservations | Vacation Rentals | | Casinos | Olympics | World Cup | General Disclaimer | Meta-Travel | Search Resources | | TravelNotes is a Trademark of TravelNotes.org | Travel Notes Blog | Add URL | Add to Favorites The URL for this page is: http://www.travelnotes.org/Europe/Austria/austrian_regions.htm

Central America Travel to

Nicaragua, Central America - Travel Tourism Vacation Information You are here: About > Travel > Mexico / Central America for Visitors > Nicaragua Travel Go Mexico Essentials Packing List for Travelers to Mexico Health Information Mexico / C. America Safety Considerations Travel Books Mexico and Central America Tourism Offices Mexico/ Central America Articles & Resources Mexico Mexico City Acapulco, Mexico Cancun Yucatan Baja Los Cabos Puerto Vallarta Other Places Photos of Mexico Belize, Central America Costa Rica El Salvador Guatemala Honduras Nicaragua Panama Forums Help FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Mexico / Central America for Visitors newsletter! See Online Courses Search Mexico / Central America for Visitors > Nicaragua Nicaragua, Central America - Travel Tourism Vacation Information A selection of online travel related resources to the country of Nicaragua, Central America, with information on accommodations, attractions, history, culture, geography and more. Nicaragua Travel Tourism Vacation Information. Articles & Resources Sort By : Guide Picks | Alphabetical | Recent Ecotourism in Nicaragua Read about the natural environment of Nicaragua and the many opportunities available in the country for ecotourism. The site has a directory of environmental travel providers. Experience Nicaragua Learn about the history, economy, culture and people of Nicaragua. This site has some very nice photos. Maps of Nicaragua Find dozens of maps of locations in Nicaragua organized by city and region. From the Multimap Web site. Nicaragua Fishing Tours Nicaragua's Caribbean coast has some of the best fishing in the world. On this site you may reserve a space on a boat for giant tarpon, bonefish and snook fishing. Nicaragua Info This easy to navigate side has comprehensive background information on Nicaragua. The topics covered include travel, culture, news, sports and shopping. Pictures of Nicaragua Browse some excellent photos of Nicaragua's Pacific beaches, the city of Managua and more. All photos are in color. Travel Document Systems - Nicaragua Obtain information on entry requirements and visa applications here. This site also provides travel tips, advisories, maps and information on Nicaragua's people, culture, geography, economy and history. Topic Index | Email to a Friend Our Story | Be a Guide | Advertising Info | Work at About | Site Map | Icons | Help User Agreement | Ethics Policy | Patent Info. | Privacy Policy | Kids' Privacy Policy ©2005 About, Inc., A part of the New York Times Company . All rights reserved. Around About New Video iPod - Review POLL: Must-Have Gadgets VIDEO: Portable Gaming VIDEO: Choosing a TV Hugh Hefner's Life What's Hot Buying Real Estate in Mexico Puerto Vallarta Cozumel, Mexico Whale Watching Fishing In Mexico Headlines Top 6 Travel Books for Mexico and Central America There are many travel guidebooks devoted to Mexico and to... Health Information for Visitors to Mexico and Central America This article provides a summary of the more important health... Safety Considerations for Travelers to Mexico and Central America Travel to Mexico and Central America is not significantly less... Acapulco, Mexico Once a favorite destination of honeymooners, celebrities and the...

South America Travel

Destinations: Tropical South America | CDC Travelers' Health Home About CDC Press Room Funding A-Z Index Centers, Institute & Offices Training & Employment Contact Us CDC en Español Search: Travelers' Health Travelers' Health Home > Destinations > Tropical South America Health Information for Travelersto Countries in Tropical South America On This Page Vaccines for Your Protection Diseases Found in Tropical South America Other Health Risks What You Need To Bring With You Staying Healthy During Your Trip After You Return Home For More Information Travel Notices in Effect Yellow Fever: Venezuela, South America (Released November 4, 2005) U.S. Department of State See all Traveler's Health travel notices Vaccines for Your Protection: Tropical South America Routine Vaccinations Check with your healthcare provider: you and your family may need routine as well as recommended vaccinations. Before travel, be sure you and your children are up to date on all routine immunizations according to schedules approved by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP). See the schedule for adults and the schedule for infants and children . Some schedules can be accelerated for travel. See your doctor at least 4–6 weeks before your trip to allow time for shots to take effect. If it is less than 4 weeks before you leave, you should still see your doctor. It might not be too late to get your shots or medications as well as other information about how to protect yourself from illness and injury while traveling. Recommended Vaccinations and Preventive Medications The following vaccines may be recommended for your travel to Tropical South America. Discuss your travel plans and personal health with a health-care provider to determine which vaccines you will need. Hepatitis A or immune globulin (IG). Transmission of hepatitis A virus can occur through direct person-to-person contact; through exposure to contaminated water, ice, or shellfish harvested in contaminated water; or from fruits, vegetables, or other foods that are eaten uncooked and that were contaminated during harvesting or subsequent handling. Hepatitis B , especially if you might be exposed to blood or body fluids (for example, health-care workers), have sexual contact with the local population, or be exposed through medical treatment. Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for all infants and for children ages 11–12 years who did not receive the series as infants. Malaria: your risk of malaria may be high in these countries, including some cities. See your health care provider for a prescription antimalarial drug. For details concerning risk and preventive medications, see Malaria Information for Travelers to Tropical South America . Rabies , if you might have extensive unprotected outdoor exposure in rural areas, such as might occur during camping, hiking, or bicycling, or engaging in certain occupational activities. Typhoid vaccine. Typhoid fever can be contracted through contaminated drinking water or food, or by eating food or drinking beverages that have been handled by a person who is infected. Large outbreaks are most often related to fecal contamination of water supplies or foods sold by street vendors. As needed, booster doses for tetanus-diphtheria and measles . Required Vaccinations Yellow fever is present in this region and vaccination is recommended if you travel to the endemic zones in any of these countries. A certificate of yellow fever vaccination may be required for entry into certain countries if you have visited an endemic area. For detailed information, see Comprehensive Yellow Fever Vaccination Requirements . Also, find the nearest authorized U.S. yellow fever vaccine center . Diseases found in Tropical South America (risk can vary by country and region within a country; quality of in-country surveillance also varies) Malaria An Anopheles freeborni mosquito takes a blood meal. Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. Humans get malaria from the bite of a mosquito infected with the parasite. Prevent this serious disease by seeing your health care provider for a prescription antimalarial drug and by protecting yourself against mosquito bites ( see below ). Your risk of malaria may be high in these countries, including some cities. Travelers to malaria-risk areas, including infants, children, and former residents of South America, should take an antimalarial drug. Chloroquine is the recommended drug for Paraguay. Travelers to Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela should take one of the following antimalarial drugs: (listed alphabetically): atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or primaquine (in special circumstances). For additional information on malaria risk and prevention, see Malaria Information for Travelers to Tropical South America . Yellow Fever Yellow fever is present in this region and vaccination is recommended if you travel to the endemic zones. A certificate of yellow fever vaccination may be required for entry into certain countries if you have visited an endemic area. For detailed information, see Comprehensive Yellow Fever Vaccination Requirements . Also, find the nearest authorized U.S. yellow fever vaccine center . Food and Waterborne Diseases Avoid buying food or drink from street vendors, because it is relatively easy for such food to become contaminated. Make sure your food and drinking water are safe. Food and waterborne diseases are the primary cause of illness in travelers. Travelers’ diarrhea can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites, which are found throughout Tropical South America and can contaminate food or water. Infections may cause diarrhea and vomiting ( E. coli , Salmonella , cholera , and parasites), fever ( typhoid fever and toxoplasmosis), or liver damage ( hepatitis). Brucellosis is occasionally seen in travelers, most commonly acquired through eating or drinking contaminated milk products. Additional information: see the Safe Food and Water page for a list of links. Other Disease Risks Dengue , filariasis , leishmaniasis , onchocerciasis , and American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) are other diseases carried by insects that also occur in this region. Epidemics of viral encephalitis and dengue fever occur in some countries in this area. Bartonellosis, or Oroya fever (a sand fly-borne disease), occurs in arid river valleys on the western slopes of the Andes up to 3,000 meters (9,842 feet). Louse-borne typhus, a rickettsial infection is often found in mountain areas of Colombia and Peru. Protecting yourself against insect bites ( see below ) will help to prevent these diseases. Schistosomiasis, a parasitic infection that can be contracted in fresh water in this region, is found in Brazil, Suriname, and north-central Venezuela. Do not swim in fresh water (except in well-chlorinated swimming pools) in these countries. (For more information, please see Swimming and Recreational Water Precautions .) If you visit the Andes Mountains, ascend gradually to allow time for your body to adjust to the high altitude, which can cause insomnia, headaches, nausea, and altitude sickness. In addition, use sunblock rated at least 15 SPF, because the risk of sunburn is greater at high altitudes. Other Health Risks Injuries Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury among travelers. Protect yourself from motor vehicle injuries: avoid drinking and driving; wear your safety belt and place children in age-appropriate restraints in the back seat; follow the local customs and laws regarding pedestrian safety and vehicle speed; obey the rules of the road; and use helmets on bikes, motorcycles, and motor bikes. Avoid boarding an overloaded bus or mini-bus. Where possible, hire a local driver. What You Need To Bring With You Long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and a hat to wear whenever possible while outside, to prevent illnesses carried by insects (e.g., malaria , Dengue , filariasis , leishmaniasis , and onchocerciasis ). Insect repellent containing DEET . Bed nets treated with permethrin. For use and purchasing information, see Insecticide Treated Bednets on the CDC malaria site. Overseas, permethrin or another insecticide, deltamethrin, may be purchased to treat bed nets and clothes. Flying-insect spray to help clear rooms of mosquitoes. The product should contain a pyrethroid insecticide; these insecticides quickly kill flying insects, including mosquitoes. Iodine tablets and portable water filters to purify water if bottled water is not available. See Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water for more detailed information. Sunblock, sunglasses, and a hat for protection from harmful effects of UV sun rays. See Skin Cancer Questions and Answers for more information . Prescription medications: make sure you have enough to last during your trip, as well as a copy of the prescription(s) or letter from your health-care provider on office stationery explaining that the medication has been prescribed for you. Always carry medications in their original containers, in your carry-on luggage. Be sure to bring along over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication (e.g., bismuth subsalicylate, loperamide) and an antibiotic prescribed by your doctor to self-treat moderate to severe diarrhea. See suggested over-the-counter medications and first aid items for a travel kit . Staying Healthy During Your Trip Travelers should take the following precautions To stay healthy, do... When using repellent on a child, apply it to your own hands and then rub them on your child. Avoid children's eyes and mouth and use it sparingly around their ears. Wash your hands often with soap and water or, if hands are not visibly soiled, use a waterless, alcohol-based hand rub to remove potentially infectious materials from your skin and help prevent disease transmission. In developing countries, drink only bottled or boiled water, or carbonated (bubbly) drinks in cans or bottles. Avoid tap water, fountain drinks, and ice cubes. If this is not possible, learn how to make water safer to drink . Take your malaria prevention medication before, during, and after travel, as directed. (See your health care provider for a prescription.) To prevent fungal and parasitic infections, keep feet clean and dry, and do not go barefoot, even on beaches. Always use latex condoms to reduce the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Protect yourself from mosquito insect bites: Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats when outdoors. Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats. Use insect repellents that contain DEET (N, N-diethylmethyltoluamide). For more information about insect repellents and correct use, see What You Need to Know about Mosquito Repellent on the CDC West Nile Virus site . If no screening or air conditioning is available: use a pyrethroid-containing spray in living and sleeping areas during evening and night-time hours; sleep under bed nets, preferably insecticide-treated ones. If you are visiting friends and relatives in your home country, see additional special information about malaria prevention in Recent Immigrants to the U.S. from Malarious Countries Returning 'Home' to Visit Friends and Relatives on the CDC Malaria site. Do not Do not eat food purchased from street vendors or food that is not well cooked to reduce risk of infection (i.e., hepatitis A and typhoid fever). Do not drink beverages with ice. Avoid dairy products, unless you know they have been pasteurized. Do not swim in fresh water to avoid exposure to certain water-borne diseases such as schistosomiasis. (For more information, please see Swimming and Recreational Water Precautions .) Do not handle animals, especially monkeys, dogs, and cats, to avoid bites and serious diseases (including rabies and plague). Consider pre-exposure rabies vaccination if you might have extensive unprotected outdoor exposure in rural areas. For more information, please see Animal-Associated Hazards . Do not share needles for tattoos, body piercing or injections to prevent infections such as HIV and hepatitis B. After You Return Home If you have visited a malaria-risk area, continue taking your antimalarial drug for 4 weeks (chloroquine, doxycycline, or mefloquine) or seven days (atovaquone/proguanil) after leaving the risk area. Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever or flu-like illness either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the physician your travel history. For More Information For more information about these and other diseases, please check the Diseases page and CDC Health Topics A-Z Diseases carried by insects Dengue : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=dengue.htm : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=lyme.htm Malaria information for Travelers to Tropical South America : http://www.cdc.gov/travel/regionalmalaria/tropsam.htm Malaria Frequently asked questions : http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/faq.htm Malaria Prescription Drugs : http://www.cdc.gov/travel/malariadrugs.htm : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=plague.htm Yellow fever : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=yellowfever.htm Diseases carried in food or water : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=madcow.htm Cholera : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=cholera.htm Escherichia coli diarrhea : http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/escherichiacoli_g.htm Hepatitis A : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hav.htm Schistosomiasis : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=schisto.htm Typhoid fever : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=typhoid.htm Diseases from person-to-person contact Hepatitis B : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hbv.htm HIV/AIDS prevention : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hivaids.htm HIV-infected travelers (in The Immunocompromised Traveler) : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=special&obj=hivtrav.htm&cssNav=browseoyb Important: This document is not a complete medical guide for travelers to this region. Consult with your doctor for specific information related to your needs and your medical history; recommendations may differ for pregnant women, young children, and persons who have chronic medical conditions. Date: November 4, 2005 Content Source: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Global Migration and Quarantine Destinations Vaccinations Diseases Yellow Book Safe Food and Water Illness and Injury Abroad Traveling with Children Cruise Ship and Air Travel Special Needs Travel Traveling with Pets Travel Medicine Clinics Yellow Fever Vaccination Clinics References and Resources Travelers' Health Automated Information Line PHONE: 877-FYI-TRIP toll free (Information about ordering the Yellow Book and International Certificates of Vaccination and recorded messages on travel-related health topics) VIA EMAIL: Contact Us Form Home | Policies and Regulations | Disclaimer | e-Government | FOIA | Contact Us Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, U.S.A Tel: (404) 639-3311 / Public Inquiries: (404) 639-3534 / (800) 311-3435