Air Travel

AIR COURIER TRAVEL: International Association of Air Travel Couriers San Fran to Singapore The New Russia Remains A Work In Progress Victoria Falls, Flora & Fauna of Zimbabwe Courier to Italy at Home in Convent Customer Service About Us Contact Info Sign Up Here ***** ARTICLES RECENT COURIER FLIGHT FARES Frommer's Article IAATC in the Press! Washington Post Article IAATC in the Press! CNNMoney Article IAATC in the Press! The Daily Texan IAATC in the Press! FAA Security Updates US State Dept. Briefs Gov. Guide to Security Detroit $350.00 Los Angeles - Hong Kong $250.00 New York - Bangkok $300.00 San Fran - Manila $400.00 San Fran - Singapore $350.00 London - New York £245.00 London - Tokyo £275.00 London - Barbados £346.00 Consolidator Flights Check Fares Now! General Mission Statement About Us Frequently Asked Questions Contact Membership Benefits Bookmark IAATC! Member Courier Reports Member Comments How Do I Join? Visit I.A.A.T.C. Europe Web Site! U.K. Members Postcards U.K. Travel News Courier.org Consolidator Flight Engine When our members can't find a courier flight to fit their itinerary, they use our new Consolidator Flight Engine! -- Check Fares Now! Top 20 Travel Deals Travel Zoo's top 20 travel deals; plus sign-up for their free email newsletter. World's Best Buys Arthur Frommer's Budget Travel tells where you can get a good room for under $20 a night, and other bargain hot spots. USA Today's '10 GREAT INDEX' Ten great beaches, ten great museums, ten great places to eat french fries . . . dozens of ten great travel things. Good Travel Bargains Latest travel deals & steals from Expedia.com. TravelerJobs.com International Employment Directory & More Retire Rich in Mexico MSN report on why more Americans are retiring South of the Border. Travel Book Reviews MSNBC report on Travel Books tackle myths, realities. Study in Bangkok Robert Hipsher tells how he is getting a 2-year Master's Degree at a Bangkok University for $5000. Airline Information International airline info page. Airport / City Codes Multiple views via FAA Airport Delays Info from the FAA Command Center Hotwire Go global with Hotwire Hot-Fares Site59 Last-minute getaways SkyAuction Now You're Going Somewhere Cheap Airfare 1travel.com offers discount airfares Low Cost Airlines Links to low-cost airlines in North America & Europe DrCruise.com Good info, cruise line links and good price quotes GoFindTravel.com Database of Travel Search Engines Traveling Solo Connecting . . . Solo Travel Network for single and solo travelers Backpacker Info Syndicated travel writer Lucy Izon's Backpacker's Journal. Money Exchange Current worldwide currency rates Rail/Air/Hotel Travelnow.com: Online Eurorail, air and hotel booking Travel on a Budget About.com's huge store of budget travel info HomeExchange.com Fastest growing home exchange system on the web Hostelling International Youth hostels aren't just for kids Hotels Abroad All-Hotels.Com listings worldwide Last-Minute Hotels Booking service for last-minute hotel rates - late rooms World Time World Time around the globe. World Weather Weather Channel's guide to sun & rain U.S. State Department Info on visas, pas sports & links to foreign consulates MORE LINKS More interesting travel sites

Air Travel Handbook: Learn

Amazon.com: The Courier Air Travel Handbook: Learn How to Travel Worldwide for Next to Nothing (8th ed): Books Your Store Books See All 32 Product Categories Your Account | Cart | Wish List | Help | Advanced Search | Browse Subjects | Bestsellers | The New York Times® Best Sellers | Magazines | Corporate Accounts | Amazon Shorts | Bargain Books | Used Books | Textbooks Search Amazon.com Books Web Search This item is not eligible for Amazon Prime, but over a million other items are. Join Amazon Prime today. Already a member? Sign in . 5 used & new from $8.25 Have one to sell? A9.com users save 1.57% on Amazon. Learn how . Share your own customer images Look inside this book The Courier Air Travel Handbook: Learn How to Travel Worldwide for Next to Nothing (8th ed) (Paperback) by Mark I. Field (8 customer reviews) Availability: Available from these sellers . 5 used & new available from $8.25 Other Editions: List Price: Our Price: Other Offers: Paperback (7th) 5 used & new from $4.95 Customers who bought this book also bought Air Courier Bargains: How to Travel World-Wide for Next to Nothing (Air Courier Bargains) by Kelly Monaghan Explore Similar Items : in Books Editorial Reviews Book Description By acting as a courier or escort for important packages, travelers can obtain significantly reduced airfare to just about anywhere in the world. This book shows how easy saving money on travel can be. Product Details Paperback: 159 pages Publisher: Perpetual Press; 8th edition (August, 1999) Language: English ISBN: 1881199045 Product Dimensions: 8.4 x 5.3 x 0.5 inches Shipping Weight: 7.7 ounces. Average Customer Review: based on 8 reviews. ( Write a review. ) Amazon.com Sales Rank: Today: #250,002 in Books Yesterday: #162,841 in Books (Publishers and authors: improve your sales ) Other Editions: Paperback (7th) | All Editions Look Inside This Book Browse Sample Pages: Front Cover | Table of Contents | Excerpt | Index | Back Cover Customers interested in this title may also be interested in: Sponsored Links: What is this? Want to Fly as a Courier ? International Air Courier Travel Europe Flights for $97 Round-Trip www.ConsumerTravel.org/courier.htm Free Travel to Europe Travel to Europe with a group of 6 companions and go free! goaheadvacations.com Courier air travel Free Information and Resources About Courier air travel www.Air-Travel.big.com Feedback Customer Reviews Average Customer Review: Write an online review and share your thoughts with other customers. 13 of 14 people found the following review helpful: Out of time and out of place , July 1, 2004 Reviewer: "philipmargolies" (Alameda CA USA) - See all my reviews The author is less than honest with the reader. Here?s why. You cannot travel when you want to because travel dates are set by the courier company, which of course is not practical for the average traveler. Other hassles involve not going directly to your desired destination. For example, if your destination is London you may wind up being transferred first at Amsterdam before going on. Most courier packages are ?one-way? ? and a return flight is not easy to book. If you chose to courier a package you ?must meet a representative upon arrival?, and in some cases this can take hours before the item is ?back-tracked? and deemed ?clear to proceed? (as happened to me once in Ireland); not to mention the many forms that you will be forced to fill out. The author does not bother to mention that most courier companies request that you ?become a member? for an average annual fee of $45. Or the fact that it is next to impossible to travel with a loved one because the odds of finding two packages going to the same place at the same time are astronomical. But the worst is yet to come. Courier packages are not widely available as they were before 911 because private security companies are now picking up the slack. When they are available, they are subject to new and evolving international laws which may bring the courier ?under suspicion?, even though, as the author misleadingly claims, ?He never touches the package?. Courier traveling is based on a gap in international law which authorities are currently attempting to close. Couriers may soon be held liable if it can be demonstrated to some degree that ?proximity? or ?association by proxy? can be established. Many people have been questioned or held ?under suspicion? on Money Laundering charges and some have even been arrested. Many illegal items are shipped through courier packages often not to the knowledge of the courier company, but as a matter of fact to the authorities. The companies themselves are covered by insurance and by various disclaimer laws that do not apply to the courier. Shipping companies courier their packages through customs faster and cheaper as luggage. But this expediency sacrifices security for the sake of saving money. In a post 911 world this simply should not be allowed. Under international law, any given country is allowed to hold packages for hours or days and in some cases for weeks at a time. It is not worth the hassle or the risk! This is the kind of book someone can paste together in a few days, or hours from readily available sources on the Internet. The author is verbose; writes with a hustler?s mentality; and does not bother to give the reader more than a few pages of his own writing. It is a waste of paper. Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) 2 of 4 people found the following review helpful: Out of time and out of place , July 1, 2004 Reviewer: "philipmargolies" (Alameda CA USA) - See all my reviews The author is less than honest with the reader. Here's why. There is the limitation of `luggage allotment' - often not more than one carry-on bag is permitted to a courier. You cannot travel when you want to because travel dates are set by the courier company, which of course is not practical for the average traveler. Other hassles involve not going directly to your desired destination. For example, if your destination is London you may wind up being transferred first at Amsterdam before going on. Most courier packages are `one-way' - and a return flight is not easy to book. If you chose to courier a package you `must meet a representative upon arrival', and in some cases this can take hours before the item is "back-tracked" and deemed "clear to proceed" (as happened to me once in Ireland); not to mention the many forms that you will be forced to fill out. But the worst is yet to come. Courier packages are not as widely available as they were since 911 because now private security companies are picking up the slack. When they are available, they are subject to new and evolving international laws which may bring the courier `under suspicion', even though, as the author misleadingly claims, "He never touches the package". Courier traveling is based on a gap in international law which authorities are currently attempting to close. Couriers may soon be held liable if it can be demonstrated to some degree that "proximity" or "association by proxy" can be established. Many people have been questioned or held `under suspicion' on Money Laundering charges and some have even been arrested. Many illegal items are shipped through courier packages often not to the knowledge of the courier company, but as a matter of fact to the authorities. The companies themselves are covered by insurance and by various disclaimer laws that do not apply to the courier. Also, under international law, any given country is allowed to hold packages for hours or days and in some cases for weeks at a time. It is not worth the hassle or the risk! Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) 0 of 2 people found the following review helpful: Wrong book , June 1, 2003 Reviewer: chris tran (ashburn, va United States) - See all my reviews I was reading Kelly Monachans book, not this one. Ignore my reviews. Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) 4 of 5 people found the following review helpful: The straight review. , June 1, 2003 Reviewer: chris tran (ashburn, va United States) - See all my reviews The first poster said: "The 152 pages of large type, photos and unneeded banner separators created the impression of lot of fluff. The same text could be contained in 1/2 as many pages." There is no photos in the whole book. The book is 200 pages not including glossery and index. And its normal type. To set the record straight, this book gives me much more info than is available on the web. Some of it is common sense and fluff but even so you will only get a tenth of the info in this book on the web. The company resources in the book are outdated but this book is printed in 99, resources likely gathered in 98. Take it for what its worth. Go to the library and pay $0 for the book. If your in it for the money its better than $50 for a yearly website membership. Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) 7 of 7 people found the following review helpful: Good Idea for Discount Travel , July 16, 2001 Reviewer: Dane "danehlewis" (Grand Rapids, MI) - See all my reviews I originally purchased this book with the idea of traveling from Chicago to Japan to visit my sister who is teaching English in Tokyo. Ten months later and I have done a total of four trips (Japan twice, London and San Paulo, Brazil). This is the best travel secret I have found to date. Although, it takes some planning and flexibility, if you want cheap travel, this is the way to do it. I found the book was well produced and accurately researched. I have only skimmed through the other books on this subject, but I would have no problem recommending this book to anyone. Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) 2 of 3 people found the following review helpful: What a waste of time! , June 27, 2001 Reviewer: John (Washington, DC) - See all my reviews This book is a waste of time for any reader. Obviously, Mark I. Field could care less about the content. Kelly Monaghan's book was much more useful. Was this review helpful to you? ( Report this ) See all 8 customer reviews... Listmania! Part-Time Travel Agent : A list by "kvetsh" Create a Listmania! list Look for similar items by category Subjects > Nonfiction > Transportation > Aviation > General Subjects > Travel > General > Guidebooks Subjects > Travel > Specialty Travel > Air Travel Look for similar items by subject Air courier service Air travel Airlines Aviation - General Rates Reference - Guides (General) Travel Travel - General i.e., each book must be in subject 1 AND subject 2 AND ... This Book and You Sign in to rate this item Write a Review | Write a So You'd Like To... Guide | Tell a Friend About This Item | Rate This Item Spec tacular Readers Never misplace your reading glasses again with the hip and stylish magnetic readers from CliC . Make a Big Impression Create the perfect keepsake from your trip with a large format print from Shutterfly . Suggestion Box Your comments can help make our site better for everyone. 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Golf Vacations Arizona-GolfTrips.com Phoenix-GolfTrips.com

Golf Vacations - Getaways, Packages, Golf Courses, Tee Times - GoGolfVacations.com Home | Hot Deals | Destinations | Trip Quote Featured Destinations Alabama • Robert Trent Jones Trail Arizona • Phoenix/Scottsdale California • Palm Springs • San Diego Canada • Banff, Alberta • Mt Tremblant • Whistler, B.C. 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To save you time and money, Go Golf Vacations presents the best way to plan and book your next golf getaway! Explore golf courses and golf vacation ideas on-line or make just one call to reserve your preferred tee times , lodging , and car rental . Mix-n-match to make your golf getaway just what you desire. Enjoy beautiful golf resorts and take on some of the most challenging golf courses in the country. Our call center specialists have many years of local golfing experience and are awaiting your instructions. Or use our unique Golf Vacation Quote System , and feel free to call with questions, obtain a quote or inquire about Special Packages ... 1-888-324-3997 . Data being added for 17,000 U.S. Golf Courses. See below . Explore more than 30 of the best golf resorts in North America. Golf course and accommodation guides feature photos, price ranges and descriptions to make your golf vacation planning a breeze. Our discounted golf getaway options include lodging, preferred tee times, transportation and travel insurance. Creating a quote is easy. Choose your destination, view the lodging and golf course pages and make your selections. Your golf getaway quote will be created as you go - automatically. Need Help? Our agents in Arizona, Myrtle Beach, Maryland and Florida are available Monday through Friday 9AM-5PM Eastern Standard Time to assist you (AZ office available 9AM-5PM MST). Call us toll free at 1-888-324-3997 to talk to a Golf Vacation Specialist today . Our discounted golf package options include: Lodging at hotels, condos, and villas Advanced, preferred tee times Car rentals We offer the absolute best in golf travel. Call today 1-888-324-3997 to: Golf Arizona , Golf California , Golf Nevada , Golf Florida , Golf South Carolina , Golf Maryland , Golf North Carolina , Golf Mexico and Golf Canada . Golf FYI... Information for 17,000+ United States Golf Courses is being added to our site. To find data for (almost) any U.S. golf course, begin by choosing a state below: Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington Washington DC West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Golf Articles... Anatomy of a Golf Course A Brief History of Golf Golf Timeline 1353 - 1850 Golf Timeline 1851 - 1993 Hitting a Golf Ball Golf Equipment Golf Clubs Glossary of Golf Terms Golf News Headlines The latest from on-line news sources. MulliganMail Username Password New User Sign Up! 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Switzerland Travel lastminute.com offers

Switzerland Travel: Deals and travel information for Switzerland, Europe Mobile site | Security | Your account | Help find - find.html -- Travel to Switzerland Home > World > Europe > Switzerland Travel lastminute.com offers a fantastic array of incredible Switzerland travel deals. Whetherbooking a hotel, flight, holiday or car hire, lastminute.com is your one stop travel shop. So, either check out our special Switzerland travel deals below,use our search box to find the perfect trip or browse through our vast list of destinations to see all we have to offer. Let lastminute.com help you plan the most rewarding journey you've ever had. Search Travel Flight+Hotel-SAVE £££ Holidays Flights Hotels Holidays search Destination: list destinations Departure area: Show me all Any London Airport / Station Any East Anglia Airport Any Midlands Airport Any North East / Yorkshire Airport Any North West Airport Any Scottish Airport Any South West / Wales Airport Northern Ireland Price: Show me all Under 100 Under 200 Under 300 Under 400 Under 500 Under 600 Under 700 Under 800 Under 900 Under 1000 More than 1000 Day: Month: Any 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 false Any December January February March April May June July August September October November Give or take: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 ( days ) Board type: Show me all All Inclusive Bed And Breakfast Fly Drive Full-board Half-board Room Only Self Catering Length of stay: Show me all Short Break / Weekend (1-5 Nights) Week (6-9 Nights) Fortnight (10-16 Nights) Longer (17 Nights Or More) Hotel star rating: Show me all 1* 2* 3* 4* 5* Temperature: Show me all Warm (over 15c) Very warm (over 20c) Hot (over 25c) Very hot (over 30c) Travel time: Show me all Less than 3 hours 3 To 6 hours 6 To 9 hours 9 To 12 hours Over 12 hours Keywords (eg 'Pool'): Jump to... Switzerland Hotels (266) Switzerland Holidays (161) Switzerland Flights Switzerland Car rentals (41) Switzerland Short breaks Switzerland Guide Deals Area Info Attractions Events Deals Today's Top Deals La Reserve Hotel Spa Geneva 3* Skiing Holiday in Chateau d'Oex, 7 nights half board Genevafrom 503 Flora Hotel Luzern / Lucerne 3* Skiing Holiday in Engelberg, 7 nights from 545 Area Info Small, mountainous and wealthy, with a population of just seven million, Switzerland is renowned for its enviable quality of life in a country that ticks along like clockwork. Its products are sought after the world over, from dangerously delicious cheese and chocolate to luxurious watches whose timekeeping is as sharp as a Swiss army knife, another popular export from this clever little nation in the Alps. Switzerlands famed political neutrality and isolated location, ring-fenced by mountains, have enabled it to play a safe but central role in European affairs. These factors also gave rise to the coveted Swiss bank account, whose anonymity, along with tax relief and what may be the safest banks in the world, have made Zürich one of Europes major financial hubs. The conveniently central location in the middle of Europe has also made Switzerland a favourite meeting place for conventions and international conferences Geneva, for instance, is home to the United Nations. Switzerland is not only a place for professionals, though. As a stylish tourist destination it offers top ski resorts like Zermatt and celebrity-studded St Moritz, while the white peaks of mountains set against blue skies make a wonderful backdrop for summertime hiking. The ancient capital of Berne provides opportunities for sightseeing and elegant shopping, while nightlife can prove to be a lot of fun, too, since the Swiss like their food and folk music even in discotheques and nightclubs. Engadin Tourist Office Address: Chesa Cumuenela, 7504 Pontresina, Switzerland Phone: +41 (0) 81 842 6573 Attractions Rhine Falls A stunning natural wonder, the Rhine Falls in Neuhausen are the largest waterfalls in Europe, cascading down cataracts which are 450 feet wide and 75 feet high. Augusta Raurica In its heyday, 1800 years ago, 20,000 people lived in the Roman town of Augusta Raurica, 15km from Basle. Many of the traces left behind by the native Celtic inhabitants and the Roman conquerors have now been excavated and are accessible to the public in the largest open-air archaeological museum in north-west Switzerland. Engelberg-Titlis Less than two hours from Zürich lies the scenic ski resort of Engelberg, a beautiful mountainous haven notable for its fine snow conditions and off-piste skiing. The official ski season here lasts from November until April, although skiing is possible throughout the summer on the glacier that saddles the impressive 3200-metre high Titlis mountain. Zrich Zoo Perched on the beautiful green slopes of Zürichberg hill, Zürich Zoo offers panoramic views of the city and Lake Zürich. This conservation-conscious animal park is set in extensive grounds that are home to 250 different wild species, many of which are endangered. Goldau Nature and Animal Park Discover the wonders of nature and the animal kingdom at Switzerland's premier animal park, situated in the beautiful boulder-strewn wilderness of Goldau. Many of the animals here are free-roaming and can be petted and fed - with care of course! Grossmnster Church Grossmünster Church with its imposing towers, soaring spires and fascinating history, features among Zurich's principal landmarks and offers panoramic views over the city centre. Schipfe The "Schipfe" is one of Zurich's oldest districts, whose name originates from the nautical term " schupfen " (push), used by the fishermen to describe how they pushed their boats to the river bank and back. Opera House Zurich's Opera House is not only a cultural centre of great distinction but also one of the city's most beautiful buildings. Swiss National Museum With fairy-tale turrets that glisten in the sunshine, the tower of the Swiss National Museum in Zurich has become a recognised symbol of the city. The museum building (which dates from 1898) houses the largest collection of cultural and historical artefacts in Switzerland. Bad Zurzach Effervescent crystal waters bubble, gush and flow from every crevice at Bad Zurzach, one of Switzerland's leading thermal baths, offering four steaming outdoor pools, jacuzzis, rapids, a gym and a spa complete with saunas and steam rooms. Situated close to the German border and approximately half-an-hour's drive from Zurich and Basel, this Swiss spa oozes minerals renowned for their therapeutic properties. Events International Lauberhorn Ski World Cup 11 - 15 Jan 2006 (annual) Wengen NOKIAN-X-TREME Snowbike Festival 13 - 15 Jan 2006 (annual) Bergün International Christmas Tree Festival 1 Dec 2005 - 8 Jan 2006 (annual) Geneva International Ice Climbing Festival 6 - 8 Jan 2006 (annual) Kandersteg Speed Race Dec 2005 (annual) Titlis Glacier ; Part of the lastminute.com group. lastminute.com , travel4less.com , travelselect.com , holidayautos.co.uk , medhotels.com , holidayhotels.com , onlinetravel.com , ifyouski.com , exhilaration.co.uk , gotofrance.com Holidays Hotels Citybreaks Gifts Experiences Entertainment Flights Site map Search site Skip navigation links Home Travel World Europe In Switzerland... Aargau 3 Hotels 2 Car rentals Basel 20 Hotels Flights 2 Car rentals Short breaks Bern 49 Hotels 16 Holidays Flights 4 Car rentals Geneva 46 Hotels 69 Holidays Flights 4 Car rentals Short breaks Graubuenden 8 Hotels 7 Holidays 3 Car rentals Luzern / Lucerne 35 Hotels 2 Holidays 2 Car rentals Schwyz 1 Hotels Solothurn 1 Car rentals St. Gallen 1 Hotels Ticino 14 Hotels Flights 6 Car rentals Valais 7 Hotels 59 Holidays Flights 5 Car rentals Vaud 17 Hotels 3 Holidays 6 Car rentals Zurich 65 Hotels 5 Holidays Flights 6 Car rentals Short breaks Popular areas Zurich Lugano Lausanne Interlaken Bern Sion Hotels in... St. Gallen Luzern / Lucerne Zurich Aargau Valais More Switzerland Hotels Holidays in... Luzern / Lucerne Zurich Valais Bern Vaud More Switzerland Holidays --

South America Travel

Destinations: Tropical South America | CDC Travelers' Health Home About CDC Press Room Funding A-Z Index Centers, Institute & Offices Training & Employment Contact Us CDC en Español Search: Travelers' Health Travelers' Health Home > Destinations > Tropical South America Health Information for Travelersto Countries in Tropical South America On This Page Vaccines for Your Protection Diseases Found in Tropical South America Other Health Risks What You Need To Bring With You Staying Healthy During Your Trip After You Return Home For More Information Travel Notices in Effect Yellow Fever: Venezuela, South America (Released November 4, 2005) U.S. Department of State See all Traveler's Health travel notices Vaccines for Your Protection: Tropical South America Routine Vaccinations Check with your healthcare provider: you and your family may need routine as well as recommended vaccinations. Before travel, be sure you and your children are up to date on all routine immunizations according to schedules approved by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practice (ACIP). See the schedule for adults and the schedule for infants and children . Some schedules can be accelerated for travel. See your doctor at least 4–6 weeks before your trip to allow time for shots to take effect. If it is less than 4 weeks before you leave, you should still see your doctor. It might not be too late to get your shots or medications as well as other information about how to protect yourself from illness and injury while traveling. Recommended Vaccinations and Preventive Medications The following vaccines may be recommended for your travel to Tropical South America. Discuss your travel plans and personal health with a health-care provider to determine which vaccines you will need. Hepatitis A or immune globulin (IG). Transmission of hepatitis A virus can occur through direct person-to-person contact; through exposure to contaminated water, ice, or shellfish harvested in contaminated water; or from fruits, vegetables, or other foods that are eaten uncooked and that were contaminated during harvesting or subsequent handling. Hepatitis B , especially if you might be exposed to blood or body fluids (for example, health-care workers), have sexual contact with the local population, or be exposed through medical treatment. Hepatitis B vaccine is now recommended for all infants and for children ages 11–12 years who did not receive the series as infants. Malaria: your risk of malaria may be high in these countries, including some cities. See your health care provider for a prescription antimalarial drug. For details concerning risk and preventive medications, see Malaria Information for Travelers to Tropical South America . Rabies , if you might have extensive unprotected outdoor exposure in rural areas, such as might occur during camping, hiking, or bicycling, or engaging in certain occupational activities. Typhoid vaccine. Typhoid fever can be contracted through contaminated drinking water or food, or by eating food or drinking beverages that have been handled by a person who is infected. Large outbreaks are most often related to fecal contamination of water supplies or foods sold by street vendors. As needed, booster doses for tetanus-diphtheria and measles . Required Vaccinations Yellow fever is present in this region and vaccination is recommended if you travel to the endemic zones in any of these countries. A certificate of yellow fever vaccination may be required for entry into certain countries if you have visited an endemic area. For detailed information, see Comprehensive Yellow Fever Vaccination Requirements . Also, find the nearest authorized U.S. yellow fever vaccine center . Diseases found in Tropical South America (risk can vary by country and region within a country; quality of in-country surveillance also varies) Malaria An Anopheles freeborni mosquito takes a blood meal. Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. Humans get malaria from the bite of a mosquito infected with the parasite. Prevent this serious disease by seeing your health care provider for a prescription antimalarial drug and by protecting yourself against mosquito bites ( see below ). Your risk of malaria may be high in these countries, including some cities. Travelers to malaria-risk areas, including infants, children, and former residents of South America, should take an antimalarial drug. Chloroquine is the recommended drug for Paraguay. Travelers to Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela should take one of the following antimalarial drugs: (listed alphabetically): atovaquone/proguanil, doxycycline, mefloquine, or primaquine (in special circumstances). For additional information on malaria risk and prevention, see Malaria Information for Travelers to Tropical South America . Yellow Fever Yellow fever is present in this region and vaccination is recommended if you travel to the endemic zones. A certificate of yellow fever vaccination may be required for entry into certain countries if you have visited an endemic area. For detailed information, see Comprehensive Yellow Fever Vaccination Requirements . Also, find the nearest authorized U.S. yellow fever vaccine center . Food and Waterborne Diseases Avoid buying food or drink from street vendors, because it is relatively easy for such food to become contaminated. Make sure your food and drinking water are safe. Food and waterborne diseases are the primary cause of illness in travelers. Travelers’ diarrhea can be caused by viruses, bacteria, or parasites, which are found throughout Tropical South America and can contaminate food or water. Infections may cause diarrhea and vomiting ( E. coli , Salmonella , cholera , and parasites), fever ( typhoid fever and toxoplasmosis), or liver damage ( hepatitis). Brucellosis is occasionally seen in travelers, most commonly acquired through eating or drinking contaminated milk products. Additional information: see the Safe Food and Water page for a list of links. Other Disease Risks Dengue , filariasis , leishmaniasis , onchocerciasis , and American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease) are other diseases carried by insects that also occur in this region. Epidemics of viral encephalitis and dengue fever occur in some countries in this area. Bartonellosis, or Oroya fever (a sand fly-borne disease), occurs in arid river valleys on the western slopes of the Andes up to 3,000 meters (9,842 feet). Louse-borne typhus, a rickettsial infection is often found in mountain areas of Colombia and Peru. Protecting yourself against insect bites ( see below ) will help to prevent these diseases. Schistosomiasis, a parasitic infection that can be contracted in fresh water in this region, is found in Brazil, Suriname, and north-central Venezuela. Do not swim in fresh water (except in well-chlorinated swimming pools) in these countries. (For more information, please see Swimming and Recreational Water Precautions .) If you visit the Andes Mountains, ascend gradually to allow time for your body to adjust to the high altitude, which can cause insomnia, headaches, nausea, and altitude sickness. In addition, use sunblock rated at least 15 SPF, because the risk of sunburn is greater at high altitudes. Other Health Risks Injuries Motor vehicle crashes are a leading cause of injury among travelers. Protect yourself from motor vehicle injuries: avoid drinking and driving; wear your safety belt and place children in age-appropriate restraints in the back seat; follow the local customs and laws regarding pedestrian safety and vehicle speed; obey the rules of the road; and use helmets on bikes, motorcycles, and motor bikes. Avoid boarding an overloaded bus or mini-bus. Where possible, hire a local driver. What You Need To Bring With You Long-sleeved shirt, long pants, and a hat to wear whenever possible while outside, to prevent illnesses carried by insects (e.g., malaria , Dengue , filariasis , leishmaniasis , and onchocerciasis ). Insect repellent containing DEET . Bed nets treated with permethrin. For use and purchasing information, see Insecticide Treated Bednets on the CDC malaria site. Overseas, permethrin or another insecticide, deltamethrin, may be purchased to treat bed nets and clothes. Flying-insect spray to help clear rooms of mosquitoes. The product should contain a pyrethroid insecticide; these insecticides quickly kill flying insects, including mosquitoes. Iodine tablets and portable water filters to purify water if bottled water is not available. See Preventing Cryptosporidiosis: A Guide to Water Filters and Bottled Water for more detailed information. Sunblock, sunglasses, and a hat for protection from harmful effects of UV sun rays. See Skin Cancer Questions and Answers for more information . Prescription medications: make sure you have enough to last during your trip, as well as a copy of the prescription(s) or letter from your health-care provider on office stationery explaining that the medication has been prescribed for you. Always carry medications in their original containers, in your carry-on luggage. Be sure to bring along over-the-counter antidiarrheal medication (e.g., bismuth subsalicylate, loperamide) and an antibiotic prescribed by your doctor to self-treat moderate to severe diarrhea. See suggested over-the-counter medications and first aid items for a travel kit . Staying Healthy During Your Trip Travelers should take the following precautions To stay healthy, do... When using repellent on a child, apply it to your own hands and then rub them on your child. Avoid children's eyes and mouth and use it sparingly around their ears. Wash your hands often with soap and water or, if hands are not visibly soiled, use a waterless, alcohol-based hand rub to remove potentially infectious materials from your skin and help prevent disease transmission. In developing countries, drink only bottled or boiled water, or carbonated (bubbly) drinks in cans or bottles. Avoid tap water, fountain drinks, and ice cubes. If this is not possible, learn how to make water safer to drink . Take your malaria prevention medication before, during, and after travel, as directed. (See your health care provider for a prescription.) To prevent fungal and parasitic infections, keep feet clean and dry, and do not go barefoot, even on beaches. Always use latex condoms to reduce the risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases. Protect yourself from mosquito insect bites: Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats when outdoors. Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats. Use insect repellents that contain DEET (N, N-diethylmethyltoluamide). For more information about insect repellents and correct use, see What You Need to Know about Mosquito Repellent on the CDC West Nile Virus site . If no screening or air conditioning is available: use a pyrethroid-containing spray in living and sleeping areas during evening and night-time hours; sleep under bed nets, preferably insecticide-treated ones. If you are visiting friends and relatives in your home country, see additional special information about malaria prevention in Recent Immigrants to the U.S. from Malarious Countries Returning 'Home' to Visit Friends and Relatives on the CDC Malaria site. Do not Do not eat food purchased from street vendors or food that is not well cooked to reduce risk of infection (i.e., hepatitis A and typhoid fever). Do not drink beverages with ice. Avoid dairy products, unless you know they have been pasteurized. Do not swim in fresh water to avoid exposure to certain water-borne diseases such as schistosomiasis. (For more information, please see Swimming and Recreational Water Precautions .) Do not handle animals, especially monkeys, dogs, and cats, to avoid bites and serious diseases (including rabies and plague). Consider pre-exposure rabies vaccination if you might have extensive unprotected outdoor exposure in rural areas. For more information, please see Animal-Associated Hazards . Do not share needles for tattoos, body piercing or injections to prevent infections such as HIV and hepatitis B. After You Return Home If you have visited a malaria-risk area, continue taking your antimalarial drug for 4 weeks (chloroquine, doxycycline, or mefloquine) or seven days (atovaquone/proguanil) after leaving the risk area. Malaria is always a serious disease and may be a deadly illness. If you become ill with a fever or flu-like illness either while traveling in a malaria-risk area or after you return home (for up to 1 year), you should seek immediate medical attention and should tell the physician your travel history. For More Information For more information about these and other diseases, please check the Diseases page and CDC Health Topics A-Z Diseases carried by insects Dengue : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=dengue.htm : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=lyme.htm Malaria information for Travelers to Tropical South America : http://www.cdc.gov/travel/regionalmalaria/tropsam.htm Malaria Frequently asked questions : http://www.cdc.gov/malaria/faq.htm Malaria Prescription Drugs : http://www.cdc.gov/travel/malariadrugs.htm : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=plague.htm Yellow fever : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=yellowfever.htm Diseases carried in food or water : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=madcow.htm Cholera : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=cholera.htm Escherichia coli diarrhea : http://www.cdc.gov/ncidod/dbmd/diseaseinfo/escherichiacoli_g.htm Hepatitis A : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hav.htm Schistosomiasis : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=schisto.htm Typhoid fever : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=typhoid.htm Diseases from person-to-person contact Hepatitis B : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hbv.htm HIV/AIDS prevention : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=dis&obj=hivaids.htm HIV-infected travelers (in The Immunocompromised Traveler) : http://www2.ncid.cdc.gov/travel/yb/utils/ybGet.asp?section=special&obj=hivtrav.htm&cssNav=browseoyb Important: This document is not a complete medical guide for travelers to this region. Consult with your doctor for specific information related to your needs and your medical history; recommendations may differ for pregnant women, young children, and persons who have chronic medical conditions. Date: November 4, 2005 Content Source: National Center for Infectious Diseases, Division of Global Migration and Quarantine Destinations Vaccinations Diseases Yellow Book Safe Food and Water Illness and Injury Abroad Traveling with Children Cruise Ship and Air Travel Special Needs Travel Traveling with Pets Travel Medicine Clinics Yellow Fever Vaccination Clinics References and Resources Travelers' Health Automated Information Line PHONE: 877-FYI-TRIP toll free (Information about ordering the Yellow Book and International Certificates of Vaccination and recorded messages on travel-related health topics) VIA EMAIL: Contact Us Form Home | Policies and Regulations | Disclaimer | e-Government | FOIA | Contact Us Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333, U.S.A Tel: (404) 639-3311 / Public Inquiries: (404) 639-3534 / (800) 311-3435